At present, the domestic market satisfaction rate of medium and high-grade scientific testing instruments is 30%, and the satisfaction rate of medium and low-grade scientific instruments is 65%; The variety satisfaction rate of production process measurement and control instruments and system products in large-scale engineering projects is 50%, and that in small and medium-sized projects is 70%. Imported products are often major and key equipment required for scientific research and production, with large technical content and high added value.

From scratch, from small to large, the industry has initially formed a relatively complete instrument production, scientific research and marketing system. A number of scientific research and development institutions have been established (including 20 professional scientific research institutes for instruments and meters of mechanical system, 3 national engineering research centers, 5 enterprise technology centers and 9 national product quality testing centers); It has trained a number of professional talents in operation, management and technology. In particular, some medium and low-grade products have formed their own advantages and characteristics. The output of various digital multimeter, watt hour meter, water meter, gas meter, level gauge, medium and low-grade optical microscope and telescope is among the highest in the world. While basically meeting domestic needs, they are exported in large quantities.

Through tackling key scientific and technological problems, joint development, joint venture and cooperation, digestion and absorption of imported technology, localization and other forms, some medium and high-end leading products in China's instrument industry have narrowed the gap with the international advanced level and formed production capacity. The main products independently developed include small and medium-sized DCS, fieldbus intelligent instrument, bus test system, special automobile detection and test equipment, ultrasonic diagnostic instrument, microwave plasma spectrum, new diffused silicon sensitive element, etc. the main products of imported technology localization include recorder, fine and small regulating valve, new transmitter, spectrum, chromatography, scanning electron microscope, water quality analyzer, special composite materials, etc; The main products of the joint venture include large DCS, EJA, flowmeter, electronic theodolite, dynamic balance testing machine, high and low temperature testing instruments, etc.

A number of state-owned, collective, private and foreign-funded enterprises and scientific research institutes have stood out in the industry through market competition, showing a good development momentum and stamina, and have formed a leading and core force.

Current level and development trend of foreign science and technology

Digital and intelligent

Due to the progress of microelectronic technology, instrument products are further integrated with microprocessor and PC technology, and the digital and intelligent level of instruments and meters is continuously improved. Take the "DSPs" concept proposed by Texas Instruments as an example, take DSP chip as the core, and provide the solution of the whole application system with advanced mixed signal circuit, ASIC circuit, components and development tools.

A large number of new technologies such as ultra large scale integration (VLSI) devices, surface mount technology (SMT), multilayer circuit board printing, wafer scale integration (WSI) and multi chip module (MCM), as well as computer-aided means such as CAD, cam, CAPP and cat, have been adopted in instruments and meters, so that new technologies such as multi-media technology, human-computer interaction, fuzzy control and artificial neural network have been widely used in modern instruments and meters.

Networking

At present, the development of fieldbus and intelligent instrument in the world presents the situation of coexistence and development of multiple buses and instruments. Hart, FF, PROFIBUS, LonWorks, WorldFIP, can and other buses are constantly expanding from being used in one field to other fields.

A variety of intelligent instruments and meters have been successively introduced to the market, and instruments and meters are undergoing profound intelligent changes. The integrated test system is also networked, and the instruments are connected through GPIB bus and VXI bus.

miniaturization

It is understood that MEMS is one of the key development fields of developed countries in the middle and late 1980s and is regarded as a new technology widely used in the 21st century. Sensor and signal processing technology, which is listed as one of the 22 major technologies in the United States that "have a significant impact on national security and prosperity", mainly relies on miniaturization technology. Micro instruments using MEMS technology are called on-chip instruments. MEMS products include automotive accelerometers, pressure, chemistry, flow transmitters, low light level spectrometers and other products, which are widely used in Environmental Science, aerospace, biomedicine, automotive industry, military, industrial control and other fields.

MEMS products have been industrialized in foreign developed countries, with an annual growth rate of 10% - 20%. It is expected that MEMS products will form a potential market of more than 8 billion US dollars in 2001.